1. What is the Peaking Factor?

The Peaking Factor is the ratio of the peak flow rate to the average flow rate used to determine the tank's capacity to handle high-flow periods in circular settling tanks.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Peaking Factor formula:

Where:

• \( f \) — Peaking Factor (dimensionless)
• \( Q_p \) — Peak Discharge (m³/s)
• \( Q_d \) — Average Daily Load (m³/s)

Explanation: The peaking factor represents how much the peak flow rate exceeds the average daily flow rate, which is crucial for designing adequate tank capacity.

3. Importance of Peaking Factor Calculation

Details: Accurate peaking factor calculation is essential for designing circular settling tanks that can handle maximum flow conditions without overflow or reduced treatment efficiency.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter peak discharge and average daily load values in m³/s. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical range for peaking factors?
A: Peaking factors typically range from 1.5 to 4.0, depending on the size of the community and the characteristics of the wastewater flow.

Q2: Why is peaking factor important in tank design?
A: It ensures that settling tanks are sized to handle maximum flow conditions while maintaining proper settling efficiency and preventing short-circuiting.

Q3: How does peaking factor affect tank dimensions?
A: Higher peaking factors require larger tank volumes and surface areas to accommodate the increased flow rates while maintaining adequate detention time.

Q4: Can peaking factor vary seasonally?
A: Yes, peaking factors can vary based on seasonal patterns, weather conditions, and changes in population or industrial activity.

Q5: How is average daily load determined?
A: Average daily load is typically calculated from flow monitoring data over an extended period, usually at least one year, to account for seasonal variations.