Atom Economy Formula:
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Definition: Atom Economy is the conversion efficiency of a chemical process in terms of all atoms involved and the desired products produced.
Purpose: It helps chemists evaluate the efficiency of chemical reactions and design more sustainable processes.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The molecular weight of the desired product is divided by the total molecular weight of all reactants, then multiplied by 100 to get a percentage.
Details: Higher atom economy means less waste and more efficient use of resources, which is crucial for green chemistry and sustainable processes.
Tips: Enter the molecular weight of your product and the sum of molecular weights of all reactants. Both values must be > 0.
Q1: What is considered a good atom economy?
A: Ideally 100%, but values above 80% are generally considered good. Addition reactions typically have 100% atom economy.
Q2: How do I calculate molecular weights?
A: Sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. Use periodic table values for each element.
Q3: Does this account for yield?
A: No, atom economy is theoretical maximum efficiency. Actual efficiency would be yield × atom economy.
Q4: Should I include catalysts in reactants?
A: No, only include reactants that are incorporated into the product or become waste.
Q5: What about solvents?
A: Solvents are typically not included unless they participate in the reaction and become part of the product or waste.