Atomicity Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the atomicity (number of atoms per molecule) of a non-linear molecule based on its molar heat capacities at constant pressure and volume.
Purpose: It helps in understanding molecular structure and degrees of freedom in thermodynamics.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The ratio of heat capacities relates to the degrees of freedom of the molecule, which in turn depends on the number of atoms.
Details: Knowing atomicity helps predict thermodynamic properties, vibrational modes, and energy distribution in molecules.
Tips: Enter both heat capacities in J/(K·mol). For accurate results, ensure measurements are taken at the same temperature.
Q1: What is atomicity?
A: Atomicity refers to the total number of atoms present in one molecule of an element or compound.
Q2: Why is this for non-linear molecules only?
A: The formula accounts for rotational degrees of freedom that differ between linear and non-linear molecules.
Q3: What are typical Cp and Cv values?
A: For ideal gases, Cp is typically 20.8-29.1 J/(K·mol) and Cv is 12.5-20.8 J/(K·mol), depending on atomicity.
Q4: How does temperature affect the results?
A: At very high temperatures, additional vibrational modes may become active, affecting the heat capacity ratio.
Q5: Can I use this for polyatomic gases?
A: Yes, this calculator works for any non-linear polyatomic molecule (3 or more atoms).