1. What is Capacity Factor of Solute 1?

Definition: The capacity factor (k') is a measure of how long a solute is retained by the column relative to an unretained solute.

Purpose: This calculator determines the capacity factor of solute 1 based on the capacity factor of solute 2 and their relative retention (α).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( k_1' \) — Capacity factor of solute 1
• \( k_2' \) — Capacity factor of solute 2
• \( \alpha \) — Relative retention (α = k₂'/k₁')

Explanation: The capacity factor of solute 1 is calculated by dividing the capacity factor of solute 2 by their relative retention.

3. Importance in Chromatography

Details: Capacity factors are crucial in chromatography for characterizing solute retention and separation efficiency between components.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the capacity factor of solute 2 and the relative retention (α) between the two solutes. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical range for capacity factors?
A: Ideal separations typically have capacity factors between 1 and 10.

Q2: How is relative retention (α) determined?
A: α is the ratio of capacity factors (k₂'/k₁') and must be greater than 1 for separation to occur.

Q3: What does a higher capacity factor indicate?
A: Higher k' values indicate stronger retention of the solute by the stationary phase.

Q4: Can capacity factor be less than 1?
A: Yes, but values between 1-10 are generally preferred for optimal separation.

Q5: How does this relate to retention time?
A: Capacity factor is directly related to retention time: k' = (tᵣ - t₀)/t₀, where tᵣ is retention time and t₀ is void time.