1. What is Concentration of Product B in Parallel Reactions?

Definition: This calculator determines the concentration of product B formed in a set of two parallel first-order reactions from reactant A.

Purpose: It helps chemists and chemical engineers predict product distribution in parallel reaction systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( R_b \) — Concentration of product B (mol/m³)
• \( k_1 \) — Rate constant for reaction producing B (1/s)
• \( k_2 \) — Rate constant for competing reaction (1/s)
• \( A_0 \) — Initial concentration of reactant A (mol/m³)
• \( t \) — Reaction time (seconds)

Explanation: The formula accounts for the competition between two parallel reactions and their respective rates.

3. Importance of This Calculation

Details: Understanding product distribution is crucial for reaction optimization, selectivity control, and process design in chemical industries.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all rate constants in 1/s, initial concentration in mol/m³, and time in seconds. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are parallel reactions?
A: Parallel reactions occur when a reactant can form different products through two or more independent reaction pathways.

Q2: How do I determine the rate constants?
A: Rate constants are typically determined experimentally through kinetic studies of the individual reactions.

Q3: What if I have more than two parallel reactions?
A: The formula can be extended to include additional rate constants in the denominator and additional product terms.

Q4: Does this work for non-first-order reactions?
A: No, this formula is specific for first-order parallel reactions.

Q5: What does the exponential term represent?
A: It represents the fraction of reactant A that remains unreacted at time t.