Formula Used:
From: | To: |
Definition: This calculator determines the steady-state concentration of radicals in chain reactions based on reaction rate constants and reactant concentration.
Purpose: It helps chemical engineers and researchers understand and predict radical concentrations in chain reaction systems.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The numerator represents radical formation rate, while the denominator accounts for radical termination at walls and in the gas phase.
Details: Accurate radical concentration estimation is crucial for controlling reaction rates, predicting product distributions, and ensuring process safety.
Tips: Enter the reaction rate constants and reactant concentration. All values must be > 0. Default values are provided for common conditions.
Q1: What is a stationary chain reaction?
A: A chain reaction where radical formation and termination rates are balanced, maintaining constant radical concentration.
Q2: How do I determine the rate constants?
A: Rate constants are typically determined experimentally or from literature for specific reaction systems.
Q3: What affects the wall rate constant (k_w)?
A: Surface area, wall material, temperature, and radical type influence k_w.
Q4: When is this model applicable?
A: For systems where radical termination occurs primarily at walls and in the gas phase.
Q5: How does temperature affect the results?
A: All rate constants are temperature-dependent, so calculations should use values appropriate for the reaction temperature.