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Definition: This calculator determines the concentration of salt in a basic buffer solution using Henderson's equation.
Purpose: It helps chemists and students calculate the required salt concentration for preparing buffer solutions with specific pH properties.
The calculator uses Henderson's equation for basic buffers:
Where:
Explanation: The equation relates the concentrations of the weak base and its conjugate acid (salt) to the pOH and pKb values.
Details: Accurate buffer preparation is crucial in chemical experiments, biological systems, and industrial processes where pH stability is required.
Tips: Enter the base concentration (mol/m³), pOH value, and pKb value. All values must be ≥ 0, with base concentration > 0.
Q1: What is a basic buffer?
A: A basic buffer is a solution containing a weak base and its conjugate acid (salt) that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
Q2: How do I determine pOH?
A: pOH can be calculated from pH using the relation: pOH = 14 - pH (at 25°C).
Q3: Where can I find pKb values?
A: pKb values are typically found in chemistry reference tables or can be calculated from Kb (base ionization constant).
Q4: What units should I use?
A: The calculator uses mol/m³ for consistency, but you can convert from mol/L (M) by multiplying by 1000 (1 M = 1000 mol/m³).
Q5: Can this be used for acidic buffers?
A: No, this calculator is specifically for basic buffers. For acidic buffers, a different form of Henderson's equation is used.