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Concentration of Unbound Ligand Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ L_{complex} = TCL° - (n_{factor} \times TCM°) \]

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1. What is Concentration of Unbound Ligand?

Definition: This calculator determines the concentration of ligands that remain unbound to metal ions in a complexation system.

Purpose: It helps chemists and researchers understand the equilibrium between bound and unbound ligands in metal-ligand complexes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ L_{complex} = TCL° - (n_{factor} \times TCM°) \]

Where:

Explanation: The formula calculates the remaining free ligands by subtracting the ligands bound to metal ions from the total ligand concentration.

3. Importance of Unbound Ligand Calculation

Details: Knowing the unbound ligand concentration is crucial for understanding complexation equilibria, bioavailability of metals, and designing chemical processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the total bound ligand concentration, formation factor (default 0.5), and total metal concentration. All values must be ≥ 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the formation factor (nfactor)?
A: It's the ratio of total ligand bound to metal ion to the total metal ion concentration.

Q2: What's a typical value for nfactor?
A: It varies but often between 0.5-2 depending on the metal-ligand system and stoichiometry.

Q3: How do I determine TCL° experimentally?
A: Through analytical techniques like spectrophotometry or titration that measure bound ligand concentration.

Q4: What if I get a negative result?
A: Negative values suggest incorrect input parameters as concentrations can't be negative in reality.

Q5: Does this account for multiple complexation steps?
A: This is a simplified model assuming 1:1 stoichiometry. For multiple steps, more complex models are needed.

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