1. What is Constant of Integration given Oxygen Equivalent?

Definition: This calculator determines the integration constant (c) in the BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) equation based on oxygen equivalent, rate constant, and time.

Purpose: It helps environmental engineers and researchers analyze the oxygen demand in water treatment and pollution studies.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( c \) — Integration constant
• \( L_t \) — Oxygen Equivalent (kg/m³)
• \( K \) — Rate Constant in BOD (day⁻¹)
• \( t \) — Time in Days
• \( e \) — Napier's constant (~2.71828)

Explanation: The natural logarithm of oxygen equivalent is added to the product of rate constant and time to determine the integration constant.

3. Importance of Integration Constant Calculation

Details: Accurate calculation of this constant is essential for modeling oxygen demand in water bodies and designing effective wastewater treatment systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the oxygen equivalent in kg/m³, rate constant in day⁻¹, and time in days. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is Oxygen Equivalent (Lₜ)?
A: It represents the oxidizable organic matter present in sewage, measured in kg/m³.

Q2: What are typical values for Rate Constant (K)?
A: Typical values range from 0.05 to 0.4 day⁻¹ depending on temperature and wastewater characteristics.

Q3: Why use natural logarithm (base e)?
A: The natural logarithm is used because the BOD equation is based on exponential decay models.

Q4: How does time affect the integration constant?
A: Longer time periods result in higher integration constant values, reflecting greater oxygen demand.

Q5: What are practical applications of this calculation?
A: Used in wastewater treatment design, pollution studies, and environmental impact assessments.