Critical Temperature Formula:
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Definition: Critical Temperature is the highest temperature at which the substance can exist as a liquid. At this phase boundaries vanish, and the substance can exist both as a liquid and vapor.
Purpose: This calculator determines the critical temperature using Peng-Robinson parameter b, pressure, and reduced pressure.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula relates the Peng-Robinson parameter to critical temperature through pressure and reduced pressure relationships.
Details: Knowing the critical temperature is essential for understanding phase behavior, designing chemical processes, and predicting thermodynamic properties of substances.
Tips: Enter the Peng-Robinson parameter b, actual pressure in Pascals, and reduced pressure (dimensionless). All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is Peng-Robinson parameter b?
A: It's an empirical parameter characteristic to the Peng-Robinson equation of state, which models real gas behavior.
Q2: What is reduced pressure?
A: Reduced pressure is the ratio of the actual pressure of the fluid to its critical pressure (Pr = p/pc).
Q3: What are typical values for Peng-Robinson parameter b?
A: Values vary by substance but are typically in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 m³/mol for common gases.
Q4: Why is the universal gas constant used?
A: The constant R provides the necessary conversion between pressure-volume units and temperature in thermodynamic equations.
Q5: Can this calculator be used for any substance?
A: Yes, as long as you have the correct Peng-Robinson parameter b and pressure values for the substance.