1. What is Degree of Dissociation?

Definition: The degree of dissociation (α) is the fraction of solute molecules that dissociate into ions in solution.

Purpose: This calculator determines the degree of dissociation for a second base when you know the degree of dissociation for a first base and both bases' dissociation constants.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \alpha_2 \) — Degree of dissociation for base 2
• \( \alpha_1 \) — Degree of dissociation for base 1
• \( K_{b1} \) — Dissociation constant of base 1
• \( K_{b2} \) — Dissociation constant of base 2

Explanation: The formula relates the dissociation degrees of two bases through the square root of the ratio of their dissociation constants.

3. Importance of Degree of Dissociation

Details: Understanding dissociation helps predict solution conductivity, pH, and chemical reactivity. It's crucial for buffer preparation and acid-base chemistry.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter α₁ (between 0 and 1), Kb₁, and Kb₂ (both must be positive). The calculator will compute α₂, which will also be between 0 and 1.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range for degree of dissociation?
A: The degree of dissociation ranges from 0 (no dissociation) to 1 (complete dissociation).

Q2: What are typical Kb values for bases?
A: Kb values vary widely. Weak bases might have Kb values around 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁹, while stronger bases have higher values.

Q3: Why does the formula use a square root?
A: The square root comes from the relationship between dissociation constants and equilibrium concentrations in weak base solutions.

Q4: Can α₂ be greater than 1?
A: No, the calculator limits α₂ to 1 as dissociation cannot exceed 100%.

Q5: Does temperature affect this calculation?
A: Yes, since Kb values are temperature-dependent. Ensure all values are for the same temperature.