Degree of Dissociation Formula:
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Definition: The degree of dissociation (α) is the fraction of solute molecules that dissociate into ions in solution.
Purpose: This calculator determines the degree of dissociation for a second base when you know the degree of dissociation for a first base and both bases' dissociation constants.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula relates the dissociation degrees of two bases through the square root of the ratio of their dissociation constants.
Details: Understanding dissociation helps predict solution conductivity, pH, and chemical reactivity. It's crucial for buffer preparation and acid-base chemistry.
Tips: Enter α₁ (between 0 and 1), Kb₁, and Kb₂ (both must be positive). The calculator will compute α₂, which will also be between 0 and 1.
Q1: What is the range for degree of dissociation?
A: The degree of dissociation ranges from 0 (no dissociation) to 1 (complete dissociation).
Q2: What are typical Kb values for bases?
A: Kb values vary widely. Weak bases might have Kb values around 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁹, while stronger bases have higher values.
Q3: Why does the formula use a square root?
A: The square root comes from the relationship between dissociation constants and equilibrium concentrations in weak base solutions.
Q4: Can α₂ be greater than 1?
A: No, the calculator limits α₂ to 1 as dissociation cannot exceed 100%.
Q5: Does temperature affect this calculation?
A: Yes, since Kb values are temperature-dependent. Ensure all values are for the same temperature.