1. What is Density of First Gas by Graham's Law?

Definition: This calculator determines the density of a gas based on Graham's Law of Effusion, which relates the effusion rates of two gases to their densities.

Purpose: It helps in determining unknown gas densities when the effusion rates and density of a reference gas are known.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Graham's Law formula:

Where:

• \( d_1 \) — Density of first gas (kg/m³)
• \( d_2 \) — Density of second gas (kg/m³)
• \( r_1 \) — Rate of effusion of first gas (m³/s)
• \( r_2 \) — Rate of effusion of second gas (m³/s)

Explanation: The density of the first gas is calculated by dividing the known density of the second gas by the square of the ratio of their effusion rates.

3. Importance of Graham's Law Calculation

Details: This calculation is fundamental in gas analysis, helping identify unknown gases and understanding their properties relative to known gases.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the density of the second gas, effusion rates for both gases. All values must be > 0. The result will be displayed in kg/m³.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is Graham's Law of Effusion?
A: Graham's Law states that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass (or density at constant temperature and pressure).

Q2: What are typical units for effusion rates?
A: While we use m³/s in this calculator, effusion rates can be measured in any volume per time units as long as both rates use the same units.

Q3: Why does the ratio need to be squared?
A: The square accounts for the inverse square root relationship in Graham's original law formulation.

Q4: Can I use this for gas mixtures?
A: The law applies to pure gases. For mixtures, results will represent average properties.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It's theoretically accurate for ideal gases under identical conditions of temperature and pressure.