Depression in Freezing Point Formula:
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Definition: The Depression in Freezing Point describes why adding a solute to a solvent results in the lowering of the freezing point of the solvent.
Purpose: This calculator determines the freezing point depression based on relative vapour pressure lowering and other thermodynamic properties.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Details: Understanding freezing point depression is crucial in chemistry, cryobiology, and industrial applications like antifreeze formulation.
Tips: Enter the relative lowering of vapour pressure, solvent freezing point in Kelvin, and molar enthalpy of fusion. All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is relative lowering of vapour pressure?
A: It's the ratio of the vapour pressure lowering to the vapour pressure of the pure solvent.
Q2: What are typical values for molar enthalpy of fusion?
A: For water it's about 6.01 kJ/mol, but varies for different substances.
Q3: Why does freezing point depression occur?
A: The solute disrupts the solvent's crystal lattice formation, requiring lower temperatures to freeze.
Q4: What are practical applications of this calculation?
A: Used in making antifreeze, cryopreservation, and studying colligative properties.
Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides theoretical values; actual results may vary based on solution non-ideality.