1. What is a Distribution Ratio Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the distribution ratio of a solute between two immiscible solvents (typically organic and aqueous phases).

Purpose: It helps chemists and chemical engineers understand how a compound partitions between different phases, which is crucial for extraction processes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( D_{actual} \) — Actual distribution ratio (dimensionless)
• \( C_o \) — Concentration in organic phase (mol/m³)
• \( C_{aq} \) — Concentration in aqueous phase (mol/m³)

Explanation: The ratio compares the solute concentration in the organic phase to its concentration in the aqueous phase at equilibrium.

3. Importance of Distribution Ratio

Details: The distribution ratio is critical for designing extraction processes, predicting solute behavior, and optimizing separation efficiency in chemical and pharmaceutical industries.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the solute concentration in both organic and aqueous phases. Both values must be > 0. The result is dimensionless.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does a distribution ratio greater than 1 mean?
A: A ratio > 1 indicates the solute prefers the organic phase, while < 1 indicates preference for the aqueous phase.

Q2: How is this different from partition coefficient?
A: Partition coefficient refers to a single species, while distribution ratio considers all forms of the solute in each phase.

Q3: What factors affect the distribution ratio?
A: Temperature, pH, solvent composition, and solute chemical properties all influence the ratio.

Q4: What are typical units for concentration?
A: While mol/m³ is used here, other concentration units can be used as long as both phases use the same units.

Q5: How is this used in real applications?
A: It's crucial for liquid-liquid extraction processes in pharmaceuticals, metallurgy, and environmental remediation.