EMF of Cell Formula:
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Definition: The electromotive force (EMF) of a concentration cell with transference is the potential difference generated when two half-cells with the same electrode material but different ion concentrations are connected, allowing ion transfer.
Purpose: This calculator helps determine the EMF generated due to concentration differences while accounting for ion transport numbers.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula accounts for the contribution of anion transport to the cell potential, temperature effects, and the natural logarithm of the activity ratio.
Details: Accurate EMF calculations are crucial for understanding electrochemical systems, designing batteries, corrosion studies, and analytical chemistry applications.
Tips: Enter the transport number (0-1), temperature in Kelvin, and both ionic activities. All values must be positive, with activities > 0 and temperature > 0K.
Q1: What is the transport number of anion?
A: It's the fraction of total current carried by anions in the electrolyte, typically between 0 and 1.
Q2: Why use activities instead of concentrations?
A: Activities account for non-ideal behavior in solutions, especially important at higher concentrations.
Q3: What temperature units should I use?
A: Temperature must be in Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Q4: What if my activities are equal?
A: The EMF will be zero since ln(1) = 0.
Q5: How precise are the results?
A: Results are precise to 6 decimal places, but actual accuracy depends on input precision.