Electron Affinity Formula:
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Definition: This calculator estimates the electron affinity of an element based on Allred-Rochow's electronegativity and ionization energy.
Purpose: It helps chemists and researchers understand an element's tendency to gain electrons and form negative ions.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula relates electronegativity (electron-attracting power) and ionization energy (electron-removing energy) to predict electron affinity.
Details: Electron affinity helps predict chemical reactivity, bond formation, and material properties in chemistry and materials science.
Tips: Enter the Allred-Rochow's electronegativity value and ionization energy in eV. All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is Allred-Rochow's electronegativity?
A: It's a scale that measures an atom's ability to attract electrons, based on the effective nuclear charge and covalent radius.
Q2: How is this different from Pauling's electronegativity?
A: Allred-Rochow's scale is based on electrostatic force calculations, while Pauling's is based on bond energies.
Q3: What units should I use for ionization energy?
A: The calculator expects ionization energy in electron volts (eV), the standard unit for atomic-scale energies.
Q4: Can I use this for all elements?
A: The formula works best for main group elements. Transition metals may require different approaches.
Q5: Why is electron affinity important?
A: It helps predict chemical reactivity, especially in redox reactions and semiconductor properties.