Equilibrium Constant 1 in Temperature Range T1 and T2 Calculator

Equilibrium Constant Formula:

\[ K_1 = \frac{K_2}{\exp\left(\frac{\Delta H}{R} \times \frac{T_2 - T_1}{T_1 T_2}\right)} \]

Equilibrium Constant 2 (K₂):

Change in Enthalpy (ΔH):

J/mol

Initial Temperature (T₁):

Final Temperature (T₂):

Equilibrium Constant 1 (K₁):

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1. What is the Equilibrium Constant Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the equilibrium constant (K₁) at temperature T₁ based on the known equilibrium constant (K₂) at temperature T₂ and the enthalpy change of the reaction.

Purpose: It helps chemists and chemical engineers predict how equilibrium constants change with temperature for chemical reactions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the van't Hoff equation:

\[ K_1 = \frac{K_2}{\exp\left(\frac{\Delta H}{R} \times \frac{T_2 - T_1}{T_1 T_2}\right)} \]

Where:

\( K_1 \) — Equilibrium constant at temperature T₁
\( K_2 \) — Equilibrium constant at temperature T₂
\( \Delta H \) — Change in enthalpy (J/mol)
\( R \) — Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
\( T_1 \) — Initial temperature (K)
\( T_2 \) — Final temperature (K)

Explanation: The equation relates the equilibrium constants at two different temperatures to the enthalpy change of the reaction.

3. Importance of Equilibrium Constant Calculation

Details: Understanding how equilibrium constants vary with temperature is crucial for reaction optimization, process design, and predicting reaction yields.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter K₂ (equilibrium constant at T₂), ΔH (enthalpy change), T₁ (desired temperature), and T₂ (reference temperature). All temperatures must be in Kelvin.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the van't Hoff equation?
A: It describes how the equilibrium constant changes with temperature for a given enthalpy change of reaction.

Q2: What units should I use for enthalpy?
A: The calculator expects enthalpy in J/mol. If you have kJ/mol, multiply by 1000 before entering.

Q3: Why must temperatures be in Kelvin?
A: The equation requires absolute temperature values to correctly calculate the temperature dependence.

Q4: What assumptions does this calculation make?
A: It assumes ΔH is constant over the temperature range and the reaction follows ideal behavior.

Q5: When would this calculation not be valid?
A: For large temperature ranges where ΔH changes significantly, or for reactions involving phase changes.