Equilibrium Constant 2 in Temperature Range T1 and T2 Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ K_2 = K_1 \times \exp\left(\frac{\Delta H}{R} \times \frac{T_2 - T_1}{T_1 \times T_2}\right) \]

Equilibrium constant 1 (K₁):

Change in Enthalpy (ΔH):

J/mol

Initial Temperature (T₁):

Final Temperature (T₂):

Equilibrium constant 2 (K₂):

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1. What is Equilibrium Constant 2 in Temperature Range T1 and T2?

Definition: This calculator determines the equilibrium constant (K₂) at a different temperature (T₂) given the equilibrium constant (K₁) at temperature T₁.

Purpose: It helps chemists and chemical engineers predict how equilibrium constants change with temperature using the van't Hoff equation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the van't Hoff equation:

\[ K_2 = K_1 \times \exp\left(\frac{\Delta H}{R} \times \frac{T_2 - T_1}{T_1 \times T_2}\right) \]

Where:

\( K_2 \) — Equilibrium constant at temperature T₂
\( K_1 \) — Equilibrium constant at temperature T₁
\( \Delta H \) — Change in enthalpy (J/mol)
\( R \) — Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
\( T_1 \) — Initial temperature (K)
\( T_2 \) — Final temperature (K)

Explanation: The equation shows how the equilibrium constant changes with temperature when the enthalpy change is known.

3. Importance of Equilibrium Constant Calculation

Details: Understanding how equilibrium constants vary with temperature is crucial for reaction optimization, process design, and predicting reaction outcomes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter K₁, ΔH (in J/mol), T₁ (initial temperature in Kelvin), and T₂ (final temperature in Kelvin). All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range of valid temperatures?
A: Temperatures must be in Kelvin and greater than 0. Typical ranges are 200K-1000K for most chemical reactions.

Q2: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It assumes ΔH is constant over the temperature range. For large temperature differences, consider using temperature-dependent ΔH.

Q3: What units should be used for ΔH?
A: ΔH must be in Joules per mole (J/mol) for the calculation to work correctly with the gas constant.

Q4: Can I use Celsius instead of Kelvin?
A: No, the equation requires absolute temperatures in Kelvin. Convert Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15.

Q5: What does a higher K₂ value indicate?
A: A higher equilibrium constant at T₂ suggests the reaction favors products more at the higher temperature (for endothermic reactions).