Equilibrium Constant Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the equilibrium constant (Kc) of a chemical reaction based on the Gibbs free energy change and temperature.
Purpose: It helps chemists and students predict the position of equilibrium in chemical reactions under given conditions.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula relates the thermodynamic driving force (ΔG) to the equilibrium position through the exponential relationship.
Details: The equilibrium constant quantifies the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium, indicating whether products or reactants are favored.
Tips: Enter the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) in J/mol and temperature in Kelvin. Temperature must be > 0 K.
Q1: What does a large Kc value indicate?
A: Kc > 1 indicates products are favored at equilibrium; Kc < 1 indicates reactants are favored.
Q2: How does temperature affect Kc?
A: For endothermic reactions, Kc increases with temperature; for exothermic reactions, Kc decreases with temperature.
Q3: What are typical units for ΔG?
A: Gibbs free energy is typically expressed in J/mol or kJ/mol (1 kJ = 1000 J).
Q4: Why is the natural logarithm converted to base 10?
A: The factor 2.303 converts from natural log (ln) to base-10 log (log10).
Q5: Can this be used for any reaction?
A: Yes, as long as you have the standard Gibbs free energy change and temperature.