1. What is External Area of Particle?

Definition: External Area of Particle refers to the surface area on the outer surface of the particle.

Purpose: It helps in understanding the surface characteristics of particles in chemical reactors and other industrial processes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( a_c \) — External Area of Particle (m²)
• \( f_s \) — Solid Loading into Reactors
• \( d_p \) — Diameter of Particle (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates the external surface area of particles based on solid loading and particle diameter.

3. Importance of External Area Calculation

Details: Knowing the external area of particles is crucial for reaction kinetics, mass transfer calculations, and reactor design.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the solid loading into reactors and diameter of particle. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should I use for the inputs?
A: Solid loading is unitless, and diameter should be in meters (m).

Q2: What is typical solid loading in reactors?
A: This varies widely depending on the process, but typically ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 for many applications.

Q3: Does this calculation account for particle shape?
A: This formula assumes spherical particles. For non-spherical particles, a shape factor would need to be included.

Q4: How does particle diameter affect the external area?
A: Smaller particles have larger external area per unit mass, which is why the diameter is in the denominator.

Q5: Can this be used for nanoparticles?
A: Yes, but ensure your diameter measurement is accurate at that scale.