Formula Used:
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Definition: The fraction of s-character is a measure of the s-orbital contribution in a hybrid orbital.
Purpose: It helps in understanding the nature of chemical bonds and molecular geometry.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The cosine of the bond angle is used to determine the s-character fraction in the hybrid orbital.
Details: Higher s-character means stronger bonds and shorter bond lengths. It affects molecular shape and bond properties.
Tips: Enter the bond angle in radians between the bond pair and lone pair. The value must be > 0.
Q1: What is the range of s-character values?
A: Typically ranges from 0.25 (sp³) to 0.50 (sp) hybridization.
Q2: How does s-character affect bond angle?
A: Higher s-character leads to larger bond angles (closer to 180° for sp hybridization).
Q3: Can I input angle in degrees?
A: This calculator requires radians. Convert degrees to radians by multiplying by π/180.
Q4: What's the s-character in sp² hybridization?
A: Approximately 0.33 (1/3) s-character.
Q5: Why does s-character matter?
A: It influences bond strength, length, and molecular properties like acidity.