Gibbs Free Energy given Equilibrium Constant due to Pressure Calculator

Gibbs Free Energy Formula:

\[ G = -2.303 \times [R] \times T \times \ln(Kp) \]

Gibbs Free Energy:

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1. What is Gibbs Free Energy given Equilibrium Constant due to Pressure?

Definition: This calculator computes the Gibbs free energy change for a chemical reaction based on temperature and the equilibrium constant with respect to partial pressures.

Purpose: It helps chemists and chemical engineers determine the spontaneity and thermodynamic favorability of reactions under specific conditions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ G = -2.303 \times [R] \times T \times \ln(Kp) \]

Where:

\( G \) — Gibbs Free Energy (Joules)
\( [R] \) — Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
\( T \) — Temperature (Kelvin)
\( Kp \) — Equilibrium constant for partial pressure (mol/m³)

Explanation: The formula relates the thermodynamic equilibrium constant to the standard Gibbs free energy change of a reaction.

3. Importance of Gibbs Free Energy Calculation

Details: Gibbs free energy determines whether a reaction will occur spontaneously. Negative values indicate spontaneous reactions, while positive values indicate non-spontaneous reactions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the temperature in Kelvin and the equilibrium constant for partial pressure. Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does a negative Gibbs free energy value mean?
A: A negative value indicates the reaction is thermodynamically favorable and will proceed spontaneously under the given conditions.

Q2: Why do we use natural logarithm in the formula?
A: The natural logarithm relates the equilibrium constant to the exponential term in the Boltzmann factor of statistical mechanics.

Q3: What's the significance of the 2.303 factor?
A: This factor converts from natural logarithm to base-10 logarithm (2.303 ≈ ln(10)), making the formula compatible with common log-based equilibrium constants.

Q4: How does temperature affect Gibbs free energy?
A: Higher temperatures typically increase the magnitude of the Gibbs free energy change, making the temperature-dependence of reactions more pronounced.

Q5: What units should be used for Kp?
A: The equilibrium constant should be dimensionless (unitless), but the calculator accepts mol/m³ for practical calculations.