Ideal Solution Gibbs Free Energy Formula:
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Definition: The Gibbs free energy of an ideal solution represents the maximum reversible work that can be performed by a thermodynamic system at constant temperature and pressure.
Purpose: This calculator helps determine the Gibbs free energy for binary ideal solutions, which is fundamental in chemical thermodynamics and phase equilibrium calculations.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The first term represents the weighted average of pure component Gibbs energies, while the second term accounts for the entropy of mixing.
Details: This calculation is essential for predicting phase behavior, chemical reactions, and equilibrium conditions in ideal mixtures. It serves as a reference for real solution behavior.
Tips: Enter mole fractions (must sum to 1), component Gibbs energies, and temperature. All values must be positive, and temperature must be > 0K.
Q1: What makes a solution "ideal"?
A: An ideal solution follows Raoult's law, where intermolecular forces between different components are equal to those between like components.
Q2: Why does the entropy term include ln(x)?
A: This represents the entropy of mixing, which increases the system's disorder when components are mixed.
Q3: What if my mole fractions don't sum to 1?
A: The calculator requires x₁ + x₂ = 1 for a binary system. Adjust your inputs accordingly.
Q4: Can I use this for non-ideal solutions?
A: No, this is specifically for ideal solutions. For real solutions, activity coefficients must be included.
Q5: What units should I use?
A: Use consistent units - joules for energy and kelvin for temperature.