Formula Used:
From: | To: |
Definition: This calculator determines the initial concentration of reactant needed for a second-order reaction in a Mixed Flow Reactor (MFR) based on space time, rate constant, conversion, and volume change.
Purpose: It helps chemical engineers design reactors and determine operating conditions for second-order reactions.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula accounts for the reaction kinetics, conversion rate, and potential volume changes in the reactor.
Details: Accurate calculation of initial reactant concentration is crucial for reactor design, process optimization, and ensuring desired conversion rates.
Tips:
Q1: What is space time in a MFR?
A: Space time is the time required to process one reactor volume of feed under entrance conditions.
Q2: How does second-order reaction differ from first-order?
A: The reaction rate depends on the square of reactant concentration for second-order, versus directly proportional for first-order.
Q3: What does fractional volume change represent?
A: It accounts for volume expansion or contraction during reaction (ε > 0 for expansion, ε < 0 for contraction).
Q4: Can conversion be 1 (100%) in this calculation?
A: No, the formula becomes undefined at 100% conversion. Enter values between 0 and 0.999.
Q5: How does MFR differ from PFR in this context?
A: MFR (Mixed Flow Reactor) has uniform composition throughout, while PFR (Plug Flow Reactor) has concentration gradients along its length.