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Definition: This calculator determines the initial concentration of reactant needed to achieve a specific intermediate concentration in a two-step first-order irreversible reaction series in a PFR.
Purpose: It helps chemical engineers design and analyze plug flow reactors for consecutive reactions.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates the required initial concentration based on reaction kinetics and reactor residence time.
Details: Accurate calculation ensures proper reactor design, optimal yields, and efficient use of reactants in consecutive reaction systems.
Tips: Enter the intermediate concentration, both rate constants, and space time. Default values are provided for typical cases.
Q1: What are typical values for the rate constants?
A: Rate constants vary widely but typically range from 0.001 to 10 1/s depending on temperature and reaction nature.
Q2: How does space time affect the calculation?
A: Longer space times generally allow more complete reaction but may lead to over-reaction of intermediates.
Q3: What if I get extremely large values?
A: This may indicate the desired intermediate concentration is too high for the given kinetics and space time.
Q4: Can this be used for batch reactors?
A: Yes, if τ is replaced with reaction time, though the dynamics differ slightly.
Q5: What assumptions does this formula make?
A: It assumes isothermal operation, first-order kinetics for both steps, and ideal plug flow.