1. What is Initial Reaction Rate at Low Substrate Concentration?

Definition: This calculator determines the initial reaction rate (V₀) of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction based on the Michaelis-Menten equation.

Purpose: It helps biochemists and researchers estimate reaction rates under specific substrate concentrations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Michaelis-Menten equation:

Where:

• \( V_0 \) — Initial reaction rate (mol/m³·s)
• \( V_{max} \) — Maximum reaction rate (mol/m³·s)
• \( S \) — Substrate concentration (mol/m³)
• \( K_M \) — Michaelis constant (mol/m³)

Explanation: The equation describes how the reaction rate depends on substrate concentration when the enzyme is not saturated.

3. Importance of Initial Reaction Rate Calculation

Details: Understanding reaction kinetics helps in enzyme characterization, drug development, and metabolic pathway analysis.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the maximum rate (V_max), substrate concentration (S), and Michaelis constant (K_M). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the Michaelis-Menten equation?
A: It's a model of enzyme kinetics that relates reaction rate to substrate concentration.

Q2: When is this approximation valid?
A: This simplified form is valid when substrate concentration is much lower than K_M.

Q3: How do I determine V_max and K_M experimentally?
A: They are typically determined through a series of experiments measuring reaction rates at different substrate concentrations.

Q4: What units should I use?
A: Consistent units are required (mol/m³·s for rates, mol/m³ for concentrations).

Q5: Can this be used for inhibitor studies?
A: Yes, but the K_M value would need to be adjusted based on inhibitor type and concentration.