Intermediate Concentration Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the concentration of the intermediate product (R) in a two-step first-order irreversible reaction series in a Plug Flow Reactor (PFR).
Purpose: It helps chemical engineers and researchers predict the intermediate product concentration at different reaction conditions.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula accounts for the formation and consumption of the intermediate product in consecutive reactions.
Details: Accurate prediction of intermediate concentrations is crucial for reactor design, optimization, and understanding reaction kinetics.
Tips: Enter all positive values with CA0 > 0, k1 > 0, k2 > 0, τ > 0, and k2 ≠ k1. The calculator will compute the intermediate concentration.
Q1: What if k1 equals k2?
A: The formula becomes indeterminate. A different approach is needed when rate constants are equal.
Q2: What units should I use?
A: Use consistent units: mol/m³ for concentrations, 1/s for rate constants, and seconds for space time.
Q3: Does this apply to batch reactors?
A: The formula is derived for PFRs, but similar principles apply to batch reactors with time instead of space time.
Q4: How does space time affect the result?
A: Longer space times generally lead to higher conversion but may reduce intermediate concentration at certain points.
Q5: Can I use this for reversible reactions?
A: No, this calculator is specifically for irreversible first-order reactions in series.