1. What is Internal Molar Energy of Non-Linear Molecule?

Definition: Molar Internal Energy of a thermodynamic system is the energy contained within it. It is the energy necessary to create or prepare the system in any given internal state.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the internal energy of non-linear molecules based on their atomicity and temperature.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( U_{molar} \) — Molar Internal Energy (Joules)
• \( N \) — Atomicity (number of atoms in molecule)
• \( [R] \) — Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
• \( T \) — Temperature (Kelvin)

Explanation: The formula accounts for the degrees of freedom in a non-linear molecule (3 translational, 3 rotational, and 3N-6 vibrational).

3. Importance of Molar Internal Energy Calculation

Details: Understanding internal energy is crucial for thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, and predicting molecular behavior under different conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the atomicity (number of atoms in the molecule) and temperature in Kelvin. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is atomicity?
A: Atomicity is the total number of atoms present in a molecule (e.g., 3 for H₂O, 2 for O₂).

Q2: Why is the formula different for non-linear molecules?
A: Non-linear molecules have 3 rotational degrees of freedom, while linear molecules have only 2.

Q3: What temperature scale should be used?
A: The calculator requires temperature in Kelvin (absolute temperature scale).

Q4: Can this be used for linear molecules?
A: No, this formula is specifically for non-linear molecules. Linear molecules use a different formula.

Q5: What are typical values for molar internal energy?
A: Values vary widely depending on atomicity and temperature, but often range from hundreds to thousands of Joules per mole.