1. What is Ionic Product of Water?

Definition: The ionic product of water (K_w) is the mathematical product of the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in water or aqueous solutions.

Purpose: This calculator determines K_w from the acid ionization constant (K_a) and hydrolysis constant (K_h) of a weak acid.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( K_w \) — Ionic product of water
• \( K_a \) — Acid ionization constant of the weak acid
• \( K_h \) — Hydrolysis constant of the weak acid's conjugate base

Explanation: The relationship shows how the self-ionization of water connects with acid-base equilibrium constants.

3. Importance of Ionic Product of Water

Details: K_w is fundamental in determining pH and understanding acid-base chemistry in aqueous solutions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the acid ionization constant (K_a) and hydrolysis constant (K_h). Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical value of K_w at 25°C?
A: At standard conditions, K_w is approximately 1.0 × 10^-14.

Q2: How does temperature affect K_w?
A: K_w increases with temperature as the autoionization of water is endothermic.

Q3: What are typical units for K_a and K_h?
A: Both constants are typically unitless as they represent equilibrium constants.

Q4: Can this calculator be used for strong acids?
A: No, this relationship specifically applies to weak acids and their conjugate bases.

Q5: How is K_h related to K_b?
A: K_h = K_w/K_a = K_b for the conjugate base.