Mixing Concentration Calculator

Mixing Concentration Formula:

\[ C = \frac{C_s \times Q_s + C_R \times Q_{stream}}{Q_s + Q_{stream}} \]

Sewage Concentration:

mg/L

Sewage Discharge:

m³/s

River Concentration:

mg/L

Discharge in Stream:

m³/s

Mixing Concentration (mg/L):

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1. What is a Mixing Concentration Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the concentration of pollutants or other parameters after sewage mixes with river water.

Purpose: It helps environmental engineers and water quality professionals determine the resulting concentration when two water streams with different characteristics mix.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ C = \frac{C_s \times Q_s + C_R \times Q_{stream}}{Q_s + Q_{stream}} \]

Where:

\( C \) — Mixing concentration (mg/L)
\( C_s \) — Sewage concentration (mg/L)
\( Q_s \) — Sewage discharge (m³/s)
\( C_R \) — River concentration (mg/L)
\( Q_{stream} \) — Discharge in stream (m³/s)

Explanation: The formula calculates a flow-weighted average concentration based on the mass flow rates of the two streams.

3. Importance of Mixing Concentration Calculation

Details: Proper calculation helps assess environmental impact, determine compliance with water quality standards, and design appropriate wastewater treatment systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the sewage concentration, sewage discharge rate, river concentration, and river discharge rate. All flow values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What parameters can this calculator be used for?
A: It can be used for any conservative parameter like total dissolved solids, chlorides, or temperature. For non-conservative parameters (like BOD), additional factors must be considered.

Q2: What units should I use?
A: The calculator uses mg/L for concentrations and m³/s for flow rates. Convert your measurements to these units before input.

Q3: What if the river discharge is much larger than sewage discharge?
A: The mixing concentration will approach the river concentration as the river flow dominates the mixture.

Q4: Does this account for incomplete mixing?
A: No, this assumes complete and instantaneous mixing. Real-world applications may require adjustment factors.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides a theoretical estimate. Field measurements may vary due to mixing conditions, temperature effects, and other environmental factors.