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Definition: This calculator determines the molality (concentration) of a uni-trivalent electrolyte solution based on its mean ionic activity and mean activity coefficient.
Purpose: It helps chemists and researchers calculate solution concentrations when working with electrolytes where one ion has a +1 charge and the other has a +3 charge.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The mean ionic activity is divided by the product of the mean activity coefficient and the geometric factor (271/4) specific to uni-trivalent electrolytes.
Details: Molality is crucial for understanding solution properties, conducting precise experiments, and predicting chemical behavior in electrolyte solutions.
Tips: Enter the mean ionic activity in mol/kg and the mean activity coefficient (default 0.5). The activity coefficient typically ranges between 0 and 1.
Q1: What is a uni-trivalent electrolyte?
A: An electrolyte where one ion has a +1 charge (like Na+) and the other has a +3 charge (like PO43-).
Q2: Why is 271/4 used in the formula?
A: This factor comes from the stoichiometry of uni-trivalent electrolytes (1:3 ratio) and accounts for the geometric mean of ion concentrations.
Q3: How do I determine the mean activity coefficient?
A: It can be calculated using Debye-Hückel theory or measured experimentally, but is often found in chemistry reference tables.
Q4: What's the difference between molality and molarity?
A: Molality is moles per kg of solvent (temperature-independent), while molarity is moles per liter of solution (temperature-dependent).
Q5: When would I need this calculation?
A: When working with electrolyte solutions in research, industrial processes, or studying solution thermodynamics.