1. What is Molar Concentration in Second Phase?

Definition: This calculator determines the equilibrium molar concentration of a solute in a second phase based on its concentration in the first phase and the distribution coefficient.

Purpose: It's essential for chemical engineering, pharmaceutical sciences, and environmental chemistry to understand solute partitioning between phases.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( C_{P2} \) — Concentration in Phase 2 (mol/m³)
• \( C_1 \) — Concentration in Solvent 1 (mol/m³)
• \( k_{DC}' \) — Distribution coefficient (dimensionless)

Explanation: The concentration in the second phase is calculated by dividing the concentration in the first phase by the distribution coefficient.

3. Importance of Phase Concentration Calculation

Details: Understanding solute distribution between phases is crucial for extraction processes, drug formulation, and environmental contaminant analysis.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the solute concentration in the first phase (mol/m³) and the distribution coefficient. Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a distribution coefficient?
A: It's the ratio of concentrations of a compound in a mixture of two immiscible phases at equilibrium.

Q2: What are typical units for concentration?
A: While mol/m³ is used here, other common units include mol/L or g/L. Ensure consistent units in calculations.

Q3: When is this calculation particularly useful?
A: In liquid-liquid extraction, drug partitioning between water and membranes, and environmental fate studies.

Q4: Can this be used for gas-liquid systems?
A: Yes, but the distribution coefficient would be the Henry's Law constant in such cases.

Q5: What affects the distribution coefficient?
A: Temperature, pH, solvent properties, and solute characteristics all influence the distribution coefficient.