1. What is Graham's Law Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the molar mass of an unknown gas using Graham's Law of Effusion by comparing its effusion rate with a known gas.

Purpose: It helps chemists and students calculate the molar mass of gases based on their relative rates of effusion.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Graham's Law formula:

Where:

• \( M_1 \) — Molar mass of first gas (kg/mol)
• \( M_2 \) — Molar mass of second gas (kg/mol)
• \( r_1 \) — Rate of effusion of first gas (m³/s)
• \( r_2 \) — Rate of effusion of second gas (m³/s)

Explanation: The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

3. Importance of Graham's Law Calculation

Details: This calculation is essential for identifying unknown gases, understanding gas behavior, and solving problems in physical chemistry.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the molar mass of the known gas, and the effusion rates of both gases. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is effusion?
A: Effusion is the process where gas molecules escape through a tiny hole into a vacuum.

Q2: Why does Graham's Law work?
A: Lighter gas molecules move faster than heavier ones at the same temperature, so they effuse more quickly.

Q3: What are typical units for molar mass?
A: While kg/mol is the SI unit, g/mol is more commonly used in chemistry (1 kg/mol = 1000 g/mol).

Q4: How do I measure effusion rates?
A: Effusion rates can be measured by timing how long it takes for a certain volume of gas to escape.

Q5: Can I use this for diffusion calculations?
A: Yes, Graham's Law applies to both effusion and diffusion rates.