Moles of Solute Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the number of moles of solute in a solution based on its osmotic pressure, volume, and temperature.
Purpose: It helps chemists and researchers understand solution properties and perform accurate dilutions in laboratory settings.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula derives from the osmotic pressure equation π = nRT/V, rearranged to solve for moles of solute.
Details: Knowing the moles of solute is crucial for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, understanding colligative properties, and conducting chemical analyses.
Tips: Enter the osmotic pressure in Pascals, solution volume in cubic meters, and temperature in Kelvin. All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is osmotic pressure?
A: Osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure required to prevent solvent flow across a semipermeable membrane due to concentration differences.
Q2: Why is temperature important in this calculation?
A: Temperature affects molecular motion and thus the osmotic pressure. Calculations must use absolute temperature (Kelvin).
Q3: What units should I use for volume?
A: The calculator expects cubic meters (m³). For liters, divide by 1000 (1 L = 0.001 m³).
Q4: Can I use mmHg for pressure?
A: No, the calculator requires Pascals. Convert mmHg to Pa (1 mmHg ≈ 133.322 Pa).
Q5: What is the universal gas constant [R]?
A: It's a physical constant (8.314 J/mol·K) that relates energy scales to temperature.