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Definition: This calculator determines the number of moles of solute in a dilute solution based on the relative lowering of vapour pressure.
Purpose: It helps chemists and researchers understand solution properties and colligative effects.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates solute moles based on how much the solute lowers the solvent's vapour pressure.
Details: Understanding this relationship is crucial for studying colligative properties and solution thermodynamics.
Tips: Enter the vapour pressures in Pascals and moles of solvent. Ensure pure solvent pressure is greater than solution pressure.
Q1: What is relative lowering of vapour pressure?
A: It's the ratio (p₀-p)/p₀, representing how much the solute reduces the solvent's vapour pressure.
Q2: Why must the solution be dilute?
A: The formula assumes ideal behavior which is only valid for dilute solutions where solute-solute interactions are negligible.
Q3: What units should be used?
A: Pressure in Pascals (Pa) and amounts in moles (mol) for consistent results.
Q4: Can this be used for non-volatile solutes?
A: Yes, for non-volatile solutes, p would be the vapour pressure of the solvent above the solution.
Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: Very accurate for ideal, dilute solutions. Accuracy decreases for concentrated solutions or strong solute-solvent interactions.