1. What is Moles of Solvent in Dilute Solution?

Definition: This calculator determines the number of moles of solvent in a dilute solution based on the relative lowering of vapour pressure.

Purpose: It helps chemists and researchers understand solution properties and colligative effects in dilute solutions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( N \) — Number of moles of solvent (mol)
• \( n \) — Number of moles of solute (mol)
• \( p_o \) — Vapour pressure of pure solvent (Pa)
• \( p \) — Vapour pressure of solvent in solution (Pa)

Explanation: The formula relates the change in vapour pressure to the mole fraction of solute in the solution.

3. Importance of This Calculation

Details: Understanding vapour pressure lowering is crucial for studying colligative properties, designing chemical processes, and predicting solution behavior.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the moles of solute, vapour pressure of pure solvent, and vapour pressure of solvent in solution. All values must be > 0 and \( p_o > p \).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is relative lowering of vapour pressure?
A: It's the ratio of vapour pressure lowering to the vapour pressure of pure solvent, a colligative property.

Q2: Why must the solution be dilute?
A: The formula assumes ideal behavior which is only valid for dilute solutions where solute-solute interactions are negligible.

Q3: What units should I use?
A: Moles should be in mol and pressure in Pascals (Pa), though any consistent pressure units will work.

Q4: How accurate is this calculation?
A: Very accurate for ideal, dilute solutions. Accuracy decreases as concentration increases.

Q5: Can I use this for non-volatile solutes?
A: Yes, this is particularly useful for solutions with non-volatile solutes where \( p \) is significantly lower than \( p_o \).