1. What is Nernst Distribution Law?

Definition: The Nernst distribution law states that a solute will distribute itself between two immiscible solvents in a constant ratio of concentrations at equilibrium.

Purpose: This calculator determines the distribution coefficient (k) which is important in chemical separation processes like extraction.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( k \) — Distribution coefficient (dimensionless)
• \( C1 \) — Concentration in solvent 1 (mol/m³)
• \( C2 \) — Concentration in solvent 2 (mol/m³)

Explanation: The ratio of solute concentrations in two immiscible phases at equilibrium is constant for a given temperature.

3. Importance of Distribution Coefficient

Details: The distribution coefficient is crucial in pharmaceutical sciences, environmental chemistry, and separation techniques like liquid-liquid extraction.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the equilibrium concentrations of the solute in both solvents. Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does a high k value indicate?
A: A high k value means the solute prefers solvent 1 over solvent 2.

Q2: Does temperature affect the distribution coefficient?
A: Yes, the distribution coefficient is temperature-dependent.

Q3: What units should I use for concentration?
A: Any consistent units can be used (mol/L, g/L, etc.) as long as both concentrations use the same units.

Q4: Can k be greater than 1?
A: Yes, k can be any positive value depending on the solute's preference for one solvent over another.

Q5: What's a typical application of this law?
A: It's commonly used in drug design to measure lipophilicity (octanol-water partitioning).