Distribution Coefficient Formula:
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Definition: The Nernst distribution law states that a solute will distribute itself between two immiscible solvents in a constant ratio of concentrations at equilibrium.
Purpose: This calculator determines the distribution coefficient (k) which is important in chemical separation processes like extraction.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The ratio of solute concentrations in two immiscible phases at equilibrium is constant for a given temperature.
Details: The distribution coefficient is crucial in pharmaceutical sciences, environmental chemistry, and separation techniques like liquid-liquid extraction.
Tips: Enter the equilibrium concentrations of the solute in both solvents. Both values must be > 0.
Q1: What does a high k value indicate?
A: A high k value means the solute prefers solvent 1 over solvent 2.
Q2: Does temperature affect the distribution coefficient?
A: Yes, the distribution coefficient is temperature-dependent.
Q3: What units should I use for concentration?
A: Any consistent units can be used (mol/L, g/L, etc.) as long as both concentrations use the same units.
Q4: Can k be greater than 1?
A: Yes, k can be any positive value depending on the solute's preference for one solvent over another.
Q5: What's a typical application of this law?
A: It's commonly used in drug design to measure lipophilicity (octanol-water partitioning).