Number of Positive and Negative Ions of Concentration Cell with Transference Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ v_{\pm} = \frac{t_{-} \cdot \nu \cdot [R] \cdot T}{EMF \cdot Z_{\pm} \cdot [Faraday]} \cdot \ln\left(\frac{a_2}{a_1}\right) \]

Transport Number of Anion (t_-):

Total number of Ions (ν):

Temperature (T):

EMF of Cell:

Valencies of Positive and Negative Ions (Z_±):

Cathodic Ionic Activity (a₂):

mol/kg

Anodic Ionic Activity (a₁):

mol/kg

Number of Positive and Negative Ions (v_±):

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1. What is Number of Positive and Negative Ions in Concentration Cell with Transference?

Definition: This calculator determines the number of cations and anions in a concentration cell with transference, based on electrochemical parameters.

Purpose: It helps electrochemists and researchers quantify ion transport in electrochemical cells with concentration gradients.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ v_{\pm} = \frac{t_{-} \cdot \nu \cdot [R] \cdot T}{EMF \cdot Z_{\pm} \cdot [Faraday]} \cdot \ln\left(\frac{a_2}{a_1}\right) \]

Where:

\( v_{\pm} \) — Number of positive and negative ions
\( t_{-} \) — Transport number of anion
\( \nu \) — Total number of ions
\( [R] \) — Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
\( T \) — Temperature (Kelvin)
\( EMF \) — Electromotive force of cell (Volts)
\( Z_{\pm} \) — Valencies of positive and negative ions
\( [Faraday] \) — Faraday constant (96485 C/mol)
\( a_2 \) — Cathodic ionic activity (mol/kg)
\( a_1 \) — Anodic ionic activity (mol/kg)

3. Importance of This Calculation

Details: Understanding ion transport numbers helps in designing better electrochemical cells, batteries, and corrosion prevention systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all required parameters. Ensure temperature is in Kelvin and activities are in mol/kg. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the transport number of an anion?
A: It's the fraction of total current carried by the anion in the electrolyte.

Q2: How do I determine ionic activities?
A: Ionic activities can be calculated from concentrations using activity coefficients.

Q3: What's the typical range for transport numbers?
A: Usually between 0 and 1, with common values around 0.4-0.6 for many electrolytes.

Q4: Why is temperature important in this calculation?
A: Temperature affects ion mobility and the Nernst potential of the cell.

Q5: Can this be used for any electrolyte?
A: Yes, as long as you have accurate transport numbers and activity data.