1. What is Orientation Time of Polymer?

Definition: Orientation time is a measure of the ease of uncoiling polymer chains under applied stress or temperature.

Purpose: It helps materials scientists and engineers understand polymer behavior under different conditions for processing and application purposes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Arrhenius-type formula:

Where:

• \( \tau_m \) — Orientation time (1/s)
• \( A \) — Pre-exponential factor (1/s)
• \( E_a \) — Activation energy (J)
• \( [R] \) — Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
• \( T \) — Temperature (K)

Explanation: The formula describes how orientation time depends exponentially on temperature and activation energy.

3. Importance of Orientation Time Calculation

Details: Understanding orientation time helps predict polymer processing behavior, mechanical properties, and relaxation characteristics.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the pre-exponential factor, activation energy in joules, and temperature in kelvin. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the physical meaning of orientation time?
A: It represents the characteristic time for polymer chains to align under stress or temperature.

Q2: How is activation energy determined?
A: Typically through rheological measurements at different temperatures.

Q3: What's a typical range for pre-exponential factor?
A: For polymers, it often ranges from 10^-12 to 10^-6 1/s depending on the material.

Q4: Why is temperature in Kelvin?
A: The Arrhenius equation requires absolute temperature to properly describe the exponential relationship.

Q5: How does orientation time relate to polymer processing?
A: It helps determine optimal processing conditions like extrusion temperatures and drawing rates.