Osmotic Pressure Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the osmotic pressure of a solution based on the relative lowering of vapour pressure, temperature, and molar volume.
Purpose: It helps in understanding the relationship between vapour pressure lowering and osmotic pressure in solutions.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula relates the colligative property of vapour pressure lowering to osmotic pressure through thermodynamic principles.
Details: Understanding osmotic pressure is crucial in biological systems, industrial processes, and pharmaceutical applications where solution behavior is important.
Tips: Enter the relative lowering of vapour pressure (unitless), temperature in Kelvin, and molar volume in m³/mol. All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is relative lowering of vapour pressure?
A: It's the ratio of the decrease in vapour pressure of the solvent to the original vapour pressure of the pure solvent.
Q2: Why is temperature important in this calculation?
A: Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to absolute temperature, as per thermodynamic principles.
Q3: What are typical molar volume values?
A: For water at STP, molar volume is about 1.8×10⁻⁵ m³/mol, but this varies with substance and conditions.
Q4: What are common applications of this calculation?
A: Used in desalination processes, pharmaceutical formulations, and understanding biological membrane transport.
Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides theoretical values for ideal solutions; real solutions may show deviations.