1. What is Osmotic Pressure given Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure?

Definition: This calculator determines the osmotic pressure of a solution based on the relative lowering of vapour pressure, temperature, and molar volume.

Purpose: It helps in understanding the relationship between vapour pressure lowering and osmotic pressure in solutions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \pi \) — Osmotic Pressure (Pascal)
• \( \Delta p \) — Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure
• \( [R] \) — Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
• \( T \) — Temperature (Kelvin)
• \( V_m \) — Molar Volume (m³/mol)

Explanation: The formula relates the colligative property of vapour pressure lowering to osmotic pressure through thermodynamic principles.

3. Importance of Osmotic Pressure Calculation

Details: Understanding osmotic pressure is crucial in biological systems, industrial processes, and pharmaceutical applications where solution behavior is important.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the relative lowering of vapour pressure (unitless), temperature in Kelvin, and molar volume in m³/mol. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is relative lowering of vapour pressure?
A: It's the ratio of the decrease in vapour pressure of the solvent to the original vapour pressure of the pure solvent.

Q2: Why is temperature important in this calculation?
A: Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to absolute temperature, as per thermodynamic principles.

Q3: What are typical molar volume values?
A: For water at STP, molar volume is about 1.8×10⁻⁵ m³/mol, but this varies with substance and conditions.

Q4: What are common applications of this calculation?
A: Used in desalination processes, pharmaceutical formulations, and understanding biological membrane transport.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides theoretical values for ideal solutions; real solutions may show deviations.