Osmotic Pressure Formula:
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Definition: Osmotic Pressure is the minimum pressure which needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of its pure solvent across a semipermeable membrane.
Purpose: This calculator helps determine the osmotic pressure of a solution based on the number of moles of solute, temperature, and solution volume.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula relates the osmotic pressure to the concentration of solute particles and temperature.
Details: Osmotic pressure is crucial in biological systems, water purification, and industrial processes like reverse osmosis.
Tips: Enter the number of moles of solute, temperature in Kelvin, and solution volume in cubic meters. All values must be > 0.
Q1: What units should I use for temperature?
A: Temperature must be in Kelvin (K). To convert from Celsius, add 273.15.
Q2: What is the universal gas constant value?
A: The calculator uses 8.31446261815324 J/mol·K for precise calculations.
Q3: Can I use this for electrolyte solutions?
A: For electrolytes, you'll need to multiply by the van't Hoff factor (i) which accounts for dissociation.
Q4: What's a typical osmotic pressure range?
A: Biological fluids are typically 7-8 atm (700,000-800,000 Pa), while seawater is about 27 atm.
Q5: How does temperature affect osmotic pressure?
A: Osmotic pressure increases linearly with absolute temperature.