Formula Used:
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Definition: Pauling's Electronegativity is described as "the power of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself".
Purpose: It helps predict the nature of chemical bonds and molecular polarity in chemistry.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula converts Mulliken's electronegativity scale to Pauling's scale using an empirical relationship.
Details: Understanding electronegativity differences helps predict bond types (ionic vs covalent) and molecular properties.
Tips: Enter Mulliken's electronegativity value in joules. The value must be > 0.
Q1: What's the difference between Pauling and Mulliken scales?
A: Pauling's scale is based on bond energies, while Mulliken's uses ionization energy and electron affinity.
Q2: What's the range of Pauling's electronegativity?
A: Typically from 0.7 (Fr) to 4.0 (F) on Pauling's scale.
Q3: Why is the conversion factor 0.336?
A: This empirical factor was determined to best align the two electronegativity scales.
Q4: Can I use this for all elements?
A: Yes, the conversion works for all elements but may have slight variations for some.
Q5: What units should I use?
A: The calculator uses joules for both input and output.