1. What is the Antoine Equation?

Definition: The Antoine equation is a class of semi-empirical correlations relating the vapor pressure and temperature for pure components.

Purpose: It's widely used in chemical engineering and thermodynamics to estimate vapor pressures of pure substances at various temperatures.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Antoine equation:

Where:

• \( P \) — Vapor pressure (Pa)
• \( A \) — Antoine equation constant (dimensionless)
• \( B \) — Antoine equation constant (K)
• \( T_{sat} \) — Saturation temperature (K)
• \( C \) — Antoine equation constant (K)

Explanation: The equation relates the vapor pressure of a substance to its temperature through three component-specific constants (A, B, C).

3. Importance of the Antoine Equation

Details: Accurate vapor pressure calculations are essential for distillation column design, phase equilibrium calculations, and chemical process simulations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the Antoine constants (A, B, C) for your specific compound and the saturation temperature. Ensure temperature is in Kelvin.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Where can I find Antoine constants for different compounds?
A: Antoine constants are available in chemical engineering handbooks, thermodynamic databases, and scientific literature.

Q2: What are typical ranges for the Antoine constants?
A: A typically ranges from 10-20, B from 1000-3000 K, and C from -50 to 250 K, but varies by compound.

Q3: What temperature range is the Antoine equation valid for?
A: The equation is typically valid over the temperature range where the substance exists as a liquid (between triple point and critical point).

Q4: Why does the result give pressure in Pascals?
A: The SI unit for pressure is Pascal. For other units (atm, mmHg, bar), you'll need to convert the result.

Q5: Can this be used for mixtures?
A: No, the Antoine equation is for pure substances only. For mixtures, use Raoult's Law or other vapor-liquid equilibrium methods.