Rate of Deactivation Formula:
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Definition: The Rate of Deactivation is the rate of change of chemical conversion with time, representing how quickly a system loses its excited state energy.
Purpose: This calculator helps researchers and chemists determine the rate at which molecules return to their ground state from excited singlet states.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The sum of the non-radiative and fluorescence rate constants is multiplied by the concentration of molecules in the singlet state.
Details: Understanding deactivation rates is crucial in photochemistry, material science, and fluorescence studies to design better materials and understand reaction mechanisms.
Tips: Enter the rate constants (KNR and Kf) in Hz and the singlet state concentration in mol/m³. All values must be ≥ 0.
Q1: What is the difference between KNR and Kf?
A: KNR represents non-radiative energy loss (as heat), while Kf represents energy loss through fluorescence.
Q2: What are typical values for these rate constants?
A: Kf typically ranges from 106 to 109 Hz for fluorescent molecules, while KNR varies more widely.
Q3: How do I measure the singlet state concentration?
A: This is typically determined experimentally using absorption spectroscopy or calculated from excitation conditions.
Q4: What units should I use for the inputs?
A: Rate constants should be in Hz (s-1) and concentration in mol/m³.
Q5: Can this be used for triplet states?
A: No, this formula specifically applies to singlet state deactivation. Triplet states involve different processes.