Graham's Law Formula:
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Definition: Graham's Law states that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
Purpose: This calculator helps determine the rate at which a second gas will effuse compared to a first gas, based on their molar masses.
The calculator uses Graham's Law formula:
Where:
Explanation: The rate of effusion of the second gas is calculated by dividing the first gas's rate by the square root of the ratio of their molar masses.
Details: This law is crucial in understanding gas behavior, separation of gas mixtures, and industrial applications like uranium enrichment.
Tips: Enter the rate of effusion of the first gas, molar masses of both gases. All values must be > 0.
Q1: What is effusion?
A: Effusion is the process by which gas particles pass through a tiny opening from one container to another.
Q2: How does molar mass affect effusion rate?
A: Lighter gases (lower molar mass) effuse faster than heavier gases under the same conditions.
Q3: What are typical units for molar mass?
A: Molar mass is typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol) or kilograms per mole (kg/mol).
Q4: Can this be used for gas diffusion too?
A: Yes, Graham's Law applies to both effusion and diffusion, though diffusion rates are generally slower.
Q5: What's a practical application of this law?
A: It's used in separating isotopes, like uranium-235 from uranium-238 in nuclear fuel production.