1. What is Relaxation Time of Reversible First Order?

Definition: Relaxation time is the time in which deviation in the concentration of reactant from equilibrium concentration after time becomes 1/e times of the initial concentration.

Purpose: It helps in understanding the kinetics of reversible first-order reactions and how quickly a system returns to equilibrium after perturbation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \zeta \) — Relaxation time (seconds)
• \( k_f \) — Forward rate constant (1/s)
• \( K \) — Rate constant of backward first order (1/s)

Explanation: The relaxation time is inversely proportional to the sum of the forward and backward rate constants.

3. Importance of Relaxation Time

Details: Relaxation time measurements provide valuable information about reaction mechanisms and rates in chemical kinetics.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the forward rate constant and backward rate constant in reciprocal seconds (1/s). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does a shorter relaxation time indicate?
A: A shorter relaxation time indicates a faster return to equilibrium, meaning the reaction proceeds more quickly in both directions.

Q2: How is relaxation time experimentally determined?
A: It's typically measured using perturbation techniques like temperature jump or pressure jump methods.

Q3: What units are used for the rate constants?
A: Both forward and backward rate constants use reciprocal seconds (1/s) for first-order reactions.

Q4: Can this be used for second-order reactions?
A: No, this formula is specific for reversible first-order reactions. Second-order reactions have different relaxation time expressions.

Q5: What factors affect relaxation time?
A: Temperature, pressure, and the nature of the reacting species all influence relaxation time through their effects on the rate constants.