Saturated Pressure using Modified Raoult's Law in VLE Calculator

Saturated Pressure Formula:

\[ P_{sat} = \frac{y_{Gas} \times P_T}{x_{Liquid} \times \gamma_{Raoults}} \]

Mole Fraction in Vapor Phase (yGas):

Total Pressure (PT):

Mole Fraction in Liquid Phase (xLiquid):

Activity Coefficient (γRaoults):

Saturated Pressure (Pa):

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1. What is Saturated Pressure in VLE?

Definition: Saturated pressure is the pressure at which a given liquid and its vapor can coexist in equilibrium at a given temperature.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the saturated pressure using Modified Raoult's Law for vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) calculations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ P_{sat} = \frac{y_{Gas} \times P_T}{x_{Liquid} \times \gamma_{Raoults}} \]

Where:

\( P_{sat} \) — Saturated pressure (Pa)
\( y_{Gas} \) — Mole fraction of component in vapor phase
\( P_T \) — Total pressure of gas (Pa)
\( x_{Liquid} \) — Mole fraction of component in liquid phase
\( \gamma_{Raoults} \) — Activity coefficient in Raoult's Law

Explanation: The formula accounts for non-ideal behavior in mixtures through the activity coefficient.

3. Importance of Saturated Pressure Calculation

Details: Accurate saturated pressure calculations are essential for designing distillation columns, evaporators, and other separation processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mole fractions (0-1), total pressure, and activity coefficient (default 1.0 for ideal mixtures). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When should I use Modified Raoult's Law?
A: Use it for non-ideal mixtures where the activity coefficient differs significantly from 1.0.

Q2: What's a typical activity coefficient value?
A: For ideal mixtures, γ = 1.0. For non-ideal mixtures, it can range from 0.1 to 10 or more.

Q3: How do I find mole fractions?
A: Mole fractions can be determined through chemical analysis or equilibrium measurements.

Q4: What units should I use for pressure?
A: The calculator uses Pascals (Pa), but you can convert from other units before entering values.

Q5: Does this work for multicomponent systems?
A: This calculator is for binary systems. For multicomponent systems, additional calculations are needed.