Selectivity Formula:
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Definition: The Selectivity or Separation Factor (β) is defined as the preferential uptake of the solute by the solvent over the carrier.
Purpose: It measures how effectively a solvent can separate a solute from a carrier liquid in extraction processes.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The distribution coefficient of solute is divided by the distribution coefficient of carrier liquid to determine the selectivity.
Details: Higher selectivity values indicate better separation potential in liquid-liquid extraction processes.
Tips: Enter the distribution coefficients for both solute and carrier liquid. Both values must be > 0.
Q1: What does a selectivity value of 1 mean?
A: A value of 1 means no separation occurs - the solute and carrier liquid distribute equally between phases.
Q2: What's considered a good selectivity value?
A: Values significantly greater than 1 (typically > 2) indicate good separation potential.
Q3: How are distribution coefficients determined?
A: Through experimental measurements of concentrations in both phases at equilibrium.
Q4: Can selectivity be less than 1?
A: Yes, this would indicate the carrier liquid is preferentially extracted over the solute.
Q5: Does temperature affect selectivity?
A: Yes, temperature can significantly impact both distribution coefficients and thus selectivity.