Formula Used:
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Definition: The singlet life time of radiative process is the time measured for the number of excited molecules to decay exponentially to N/e of the original population.
Purpose: This calculation is important in photochemistry and spectroscopy to understand molecular excited state dynamics.
The calculator uses the Stern-Volmer equation:
Where:
Explanation: The ratio of initial to fluorescence intensity minus one, divided by the product of quenching constant and quencher concentration.
Details: Understanding singlet life times helps in studying molecular interactions, designing fluorescent probes, and developing photonic materials.
Tips: Enter all required values in appropriate units. All values must be positive numbers. The result is given in seconds.
Q1: What affects the singlet life time?
A: Molecular structure, solvent environment, temperature, and presence of quenchers all influence singlet life times.
Q2: What are typical values for singlet life times?
A: Most organic fluorophores have singlet life times in the nanosecond range (1-100 ns).
Q3: How is the quenching constant determined?
A: The quenching constant is typically determined experimentally from Stern-Volmer plots.
Q4: What units should be used for concentration?
A: The quencher concentration should be in molarity (M) for most applications.
Q5: Can this calculation be used for triplet states?
A: No, this specific formula applies only to singlet states. Triplet states have different decay mechanisms.