Solubility Product Formula:
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Definition: This calculator determines the solubility product constant (Kₐ) based on the activities of species A and B and their stoichiometric coefficients.
Purpose: It helps chemists and researchers calculate the equilibrium constant for the dissolution of sparingly soluble ionic compounds in solution.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The activities of each species are raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients and then multiplied together to obtain the solubility product.
Details: The solubility product is crucial for predicting precipitation reactions, understanding solubility equilibria, and designing chemical processes.
Tips: Enter the activities of both species (must be ≥ 0) and their stoichiometric coefficients (must be integers ≥ 1). The calculator will compute the solubility product.
Q1: What is activity in chemistry?
A: Activity is a thermodynamic measure that accounts for the effective concentration of a species in non-ideal solutions, considering interactions between particles.
Q2: How is activity different from concentration?
A: While concentration is the actual amount, activity includes an "activity coefficient" that accounts for deviations from ideal behavior in solutions.
Q3: What are typical values for stoichiometric coefficients?
A: These are integers determined by the chemical formula (e.g., for Ag₂CO₃, x=2 for Ag⁺ and y=1 for CO₃²⁻).
Q4: When would I need to calculate solubility product from activities?
A: For precise calculations in concentrated solutions or when dealing with ionic strengths where activity differs significantly from concentration.
Q5: What units does this calculator use?
A: Activities are in mol/m³ (SI units), and the solubility product is dimensionless when using activities.